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Composition of Municipal Waste
Straka, David ; Musilová, Petra (referee) ; Elbl, Patrik (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the composition of municipal and mixed municipal waste. Introduction of the research part deals with the composition and properties of waste. In the next section, the waste is considered as fuel and compared with conventional solid fuels. The conculusion of the research part is devoted to the research of the waste composition from selected incinerators adn foreign countries. The compulational part of the thesis deals with the determation of energy properties of the waste.
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Analysis of wine by modern analytical methods
Škařupa, Přemysl ; Pořízka, Jaromír (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
This work is dedicated to the analysis of wines using modern analytical methods. The theme is divided into two chapters. The first part deals with the chemical composition of wine from major components to the elements in trace amounts. The second part gives an overview of the most important modern analytical methods used for analysis of individual compounds in the wine and evaluated these methods in term of various parameters.
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Corrosion degradation of magnesium alloys in SBF solutions
Ročňáková, Ivana ; Horynová, Miroslava (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
Nowadays, magnesium alloys are used in many sectors of human activity, particularly in the aerospace and automotive industries, due to a combination of good mechanical properties and low density of magnesium. Recently, however, the attention is paid to the possibility of using magnesium alloys in the medical field, mainly due to the chemical properties of magnesium. The diploma thesis is focused on evaluating of the corrosion behavior of AZ31alloy and AZ61 alloys in SBF solutions that are solutions simulating body fluids. The alloys were subjected to immersion test in Hank’s solutions for time span from 24 to 1008 hours. The corrosion process was evaluated based on several factors: alloy composition, time and pH changes. The thesis also describes in detail the methodology for establishing magnesium and zinc by method of flame absorption spektrometry (F AAS). The determination of aluminum was carried out by atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization (ET AAS).
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Hodnocení kvality mléka pro výrobu sýrů
Dospivová, Kateřina
Milk can be described as a food that contains almost all the nutrients needed for life. The main component of milk is water and other components of milk include proteins, fats, carbohydrates. In smaller quantities also vitamins and minerals. With the advancement of modern technology, we are also offered new possibilities for the determination of individual parameters. These new methods are offer faster and it have more accurate results compared to the reference methods, which are for example the Kjeldahl method for protein, the Röse-Gottlieb method for fat and polarimetry for carbohydrates. Due to the deterioration in the dietary habits of an increasing proportion of the population, food fortification is being used to help maintain proper intake of essential nutrients and thus prevent various diseases. At the same time, new ways of preserving food are being developed that are more respectful of nature but also more beneficial to the consumer. These include, for example, edible packaging or treatment of raw materials other than by heat treatment.
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The importance of liver consumption in human nutrition
Hájková, Rozálie ; Dostálová, Jana (advisor) ; Jůzl, Miroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis addresses the importance of liver consumption in human nutrition. The theoretical part describes the nutritional composition, compares the differences between livers of various animal species, and presents possible forms of liver consumption with their nutritional benefits and potential health risks. A separate chapter is devoted to possible reasons for not consuming liver. In addition to some health contraindications, these include common myths related to liver and its excessive content of harmful substances such as heavy metals or antibiotic residues. The first objective of this thesis was to determine the availability of liver and liver-containing foods in the Albert hypermarket. Here, 29 different foods were found, of which only two were chilled liver. The rest consisted of liver dumplings and soups containing them, canned cod liver and frozen mixed offal. However, the most common food containing liver was pâté, with 17 different varieties. Hence, these products are the focus of the following objective: to compare the composition and nutritional values of liver-containing pâtés. Significant differences were found, particularly in the fat and protein content and, in terms of ingredients, in the percentage of liver, the addition of cheaper meat substitutes and the number of...
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Produkce, zpracování a nutriční vlastnosti ovčího masa
Ryvolová, Jana
The bachelor's thesis focuses on the issue of production and technology of lamb and mutton meat processing. Meat production and consumption now and in recent years is described in the introductory chapter. Individual breeds are divided according to utility focus. The following chapters deal with a theoretical view of the breeding, nutrition and reproduction of sheep. Technological processing for the purpose of obtaining meat begins with the breeder preparing for transport to the slaughterhouse. The next steps are pre-slaughter operations, stunning and slaughter itself. The influences on the final quality of the meat are also mentioned. Chemical and nutritional properties are described with a focus on the most important components of sheep meat, their usability and benefits for the human body. The final part of the thesis summarizes the sensory and microbiological quality, culinary processing, including various methods of heat treatment and the most famous sheep dishes popular across all continents.
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Porovnání zastoupení mastných kyselin u přírodních a bio jedlých rostlinných olejů
Pevná, Markéta
In my bachelor thesis I am especially focused on the composition of oils. I also write about its importance in a human body and its production process. I describe the structure of fatty acids and the role of lipids in metabolism too. For experimental analysis I chose five different organic and natural oils, which I compare in aspects of fatty acids composition by gas chromatography. From the results of the total fatty acid content it can be stated that almond oil contained 0.97 g/g in organic and non-organic variant, grape seed oil in organic and non-organic variant 0.99 g/g, coconut oil in organic variant 0.33 g/g and nebio variant 0.64 g/g, evening primrose oil in organic variant 0.92 g/g and nebio variant 0.96 g/g and argan oil in organic variant 0.91 g/g and nebio variant 0.98 g/g.
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Lead isotopes distribution in selected podzol profiles
Václavková, Anna ; Mihaljevič, Martin (advisor) ; Strnad, Ladislav (referee)
Lead (Pb) as one of toxic elements occurs naturally in nature. Its use in metalurgical activities, mining and combustion of coal, waste incineration and use as a additive to gasoline in the past has endangered environment and health of oranisms. We determined the Pb isotopic composition in two podzol profiles, in a forest and nearby a road, using ICP MS. Based on the 206 Pb/207 Pb vs 208 Pb/206 Pb ratios we assesed the main source of Pb in O, Ah, Bhf, and Bf horizonts in both soil profiles and Ep horizont from profile P2 to be coal combustion. The source in eluvial Ep horizont from profile P1 and C horizonts originated in lithogenic Pb with values 206 Pb/207 Pb 1,126; 1,198 and 1,193. From Pb isotopic ratios we can conclude that during podzolization antropogenic Pb move to the deeper parts of soil profiles.
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Trace elements and Pb isotopes in selected bone samples
Bartoš, Jan ; Mihaljevič, Martin (advisor) ; Strnad, Ladislav (referee)
The aim of this work is briefly summarize the current theoretical knowledge about trace elements and their inputs into calcified body tissues in a form of search. Here are described mechanisms of their inputs and depositing into human body and principles, which allows maintenance of their optimal levels. In this paper are also described the properties of bones and teeth and simply explained concepts such as an essential and toxic trace elements. The next part of this work is mainly about trace elements, which have the biggest potential to be used in an archeological research, particularly in paleodietary research. These elements are mainly Sr, Ba and Zn. Lead and its isotopes are discussed more here in relation to the effect of Pb to Romans in the past and to the identifying sources of pollution by this element. In the same chapter are also described principles of post-mortem alteration processes, to which are bones after burial exposed and which they have to face during analyzing and interpretations of data related to the amount of trace elements in origin bones.
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Influence of the mineralogical composition of raw material on phases formed during the burning of hydraulic lime and natural cement
Kozlovcev, Petr ; Přikryl, Richard (advisor) ; Hladil, Jindřich (referee) ; Škvára, František (referee)
Natural hydraulic lime and natural cement have been used in the building industry for centuries. These inorganic hydraulic binders are called "traditional" or "alternative" because they can, in some cases, substitute modern Portland cement. The recent increased interest in these binders is due not only to their use in restoration practices, but also because their production and use is less energetically demanding than in modern cements. Historically, many types of hydraulic binders were produced in the regions of Bohemia and Moravia. However, much information has been lost about their manufacturing process, which raw materials were used, and we are uncertain of the exact character and properties of the burned material. To date, studies have only addressed the impact of the chemical composition of raw material on the parameters of the burned material - all this is well known for Portland cement, much less for other types of hydraulic binders. The aim of this dissertation was to study the various types of raw materials (limestone containing non- carbon admixtures) and to understand the characteristics of their respective hydraulic lime and natural cement. This was done by analyzing the impact of conditions (highest achieved burning temperature and time of burning) and the mineral and chemical...
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